PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times late to take a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial equaliser in the final moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.